Territorial disputes in the South China Sea between Vietnam and China are escalating, with the US and Japan increasing military aid to Vietnam. This military tension extends beyond territorial disputes, creating a food security crisis for downstream countries in the Mekong River basin due to China's dam construction. The US is providing Vietnam with naval vessels, and Japan is signing military equipment sales and technology sharing agreements, demonstrating significant support. India is also supplying weapons to Vietnam, aiming to counter China. This situation is escalating geopolitical tensions in Southeast Asia and raising serious concerns about the future of Mekong River basin countries. Vietnam's choices in this complex situation and the future trajectory of this international dynamic are crucial to observe.